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World News

2006 Archive
World News
Jan 1 - March 27
Mar 28 - May 15
May 16 - June 16
June 16-Sept 11
Sept 12 - Oct 23
Oct 24 - Dec 1
World News
Berlin Meeting On Afghanistan Ends With Commitment To Step Up Rebuilding

“An international meeting on Afghanistan closed Wednesday with delegates reaffirming their commitment to step up rebuilding efforts, the Afghan government and the UN mission in the country said.

The two-day meeting of the Joint Coordination and Monitoring Board (JCMB), which brings together representatives from Afghanistan and the international community, addressed Afghan hopes for ‘accelerated Afghanization’ of its army and police, a joint statement said. Delegates ‘committed ... to more aggressive and determined rebuilding,’ it said. It did not offer details of any concrete proposals. … The EU has stressed its interest in helping Afghanistan combat corruption and build up its security forces, and is drawing up plans for a police training mission. … Both the US and EU have proposed new aid packages for Afghanistan over the past week. …” [The Associated Press/Factiva]

“International donors on Wednesday [further] ended [the conference] with a pledge to hand over more control to the war-scarred country in managing its own affairs. The meeting of 23 countries agreed to new initiatives proposed by Afghanistan. … The promise to increase Afghan ‘ownership’ appears to be a concession to pleas from the country to be allowed to play a greater role in spending billions of dollars of aid money. Afghan Foreign Minister Rangeen Dadfar Spanta told the conference on Tuesday that his government ‘continues to be bypassed by donor countries. ‘Trusting Afghan institutions will be an important step towards breaking this cycle,’ he said. German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier argued that ‘considerable progress’ had been made in Afghanistan, but admitted there were ‘shortfalls’ in the reconstruction. He said it was essential to reform the Afghan security services and said he hoped that training of the police force, already undertaken by German experts, would soon be ‘Europeanized.’ … The conference's closing statement meanwhile gave no commitment about channeling more aid through the Afghan government. …” [Deutsche Welle (Germany)/Factiva]

Meanwhile, “… Benita Ferrero-Waldner, EU foreign affairs commissioner, told the FT that donors continued to duplicate aid efforts and work. Amin Farhang, Afghan trade minister, said: ‘Many donors are wasteful and do not co-ordinate with us,’ in spite of the JCMB's efforts. Donors have pledged about $20 billion for civil reconstruction between 2002 and 2010 but only a small portion of this has been spent by Kabul, with the rest handled by individual donors and aid agencies. The effort has also been hampered by a shortage of funds, with the US unveiling an extra two-year, $10.6 billion aid package in a move described by EU diplomats as a US change of course. …” [The Financial Times (UK)]

AFP reports that “… The UN representative to Afghanistan, Tom Koenigs, said the international community must move forward. ‘As 2007 starts we have a window of opportunity to regain momentum. We have to turn the tide and to seize every opportunity in the coming months for more growth, for more effective governance.’ While the conference ended on an upbeat note, international monitoring group Human Rights Watch painted a depressing picture of life in Afghanistan. It said on Tuesday that little progress had been made in the past year in providing Afghans with basic security, food and health care. …” [Agence France Presse/Factiva]

The Globe and Mail writes that “… David Sproule, Canada's ambassador to Afghanistan who attended the meeting … said just seven of the 12 benchmarks set for 2006 had been completed. ‘I see this as quite predictable,’ Sproule told an Ottawa news conference yesterday by telephone. ‘The time frames attached for the achievement of those goals were done a year ago and, in some cases, it's not a matter of the benchmark [not being] achieved but rather we need more time to do it.’ The benchmarks that were not met, he said, include the establishment of a comprehensive plan for land mines, the development of a plan for Afghanistan's natural resources, a review of the administrative boundaries within the country, the crafting of new laws governing businesses and the final ratification of the UN convention against corruption by the national assembly. …” [The Globe and Mail (Canada)/Factiva]

Meanwhile, UZReport notes that “… In the 12 months since the Afghanistan Compact was adopted, despite resurgent violence and record opium production, the JCMB has been able to oversee quiet but steady progress towards many vital goals, including creation of a national appointments mechanism, technical and administrative support to the new National Assembly, and reformed oversight procedures for strengthened government transparency. Progress has also been made on creating sustainable water resource strategies and plans for irrigation and drinking water, new business organization laws, and an Action Plan on Peace, Justice and Reconciliation.” [UzReport.com (Uzbekistan)/Factiva]

Qatari Diar, the Smart Growth Leader, Joins Forces With Forbes Magazine for First-Ever Middle East CEO Forum

Qatari Diar Real Estate Investment & Development Company (QDREIDC) to Host Business and Political Icons in Doha, Qatar on February 26-28, 2007

DOHA, QATAR - Qatari Diar, the region's leader in sustainable development, will serve as the exclusive host sponsor of the inaugural Forbes CEO Middle East Forum, the company and conference planners announced on January 30, 2007. Forbes selected Doha, Qatar as the host city for the invitation-only event, which is attracting the world's most talked-about business, political and industry figures.

The Forum, entitled Driving Growth - Risk & Reward in the Middle East, will be held at the Four Seasons Doha, and will explore the transformations and investment opportunities developing in the Middle East.

"Qatari Diar, like all of Qatar, is dedicated to quality, tradition, and long-term vision. Forbes' decision to host this historic conference in Qatar is a powerful endorsement of these principles and of our promise as a market leader. We are proud to be the host sponsor for this event," said Nasser Al Ansari, Chief Executive Officer of QDREIDC. "We hope that the Forbes CEO Middle East Forum will deepen awareness of Doha, Qatar and highlight it as a leading economic center in the Middle East, with an attractive business environment and bright future."

Fully owned by the Qatar Investment Authority, Host Sponsor Qatari Diar Real Estate Investment & Development Company invests in infrastructure and new towns' development supporting Qatar's phenomenal economic growth. Internationally, Qatari Diar co-ordinates investment opportunities that span the globe with a portfolio of more than 15 projects worldwide.

The Forum's agenda topics address critical issues across a range of industries. A selection of agenda topics featured in the three day conference program include: Hooked on Oil?; The New Silk Road - Opportunities for Asia and the Middle East; Mega Realty: Here To Stay?; Financial Services on the Fast Track; The Growing Power of Middle East Luxury; The Business of Sport; The Telecom Boom - A Little Healthy Competition; and The Dynamics of Family Business.

The Forbes CEO Middle East Forum is held under the patronage of the Emir of Qatar, H.H. Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani. The three day event will take place at the Four Seasons Doha on February 26th - 28th, 2007.

About Qatari Diar Real Estate Investment & Development Company

Wholly owned by the Qatar Investment Authority, QDREIDC was established in December 2004 to support Qatar's growing economy and to co-ordinate the country's real estate development priorities. Qatari Diar Real Estate Investment & Development Company creates distinguished property developments with local culture and lifestyle experience to attract tourism and residents generating sustainable and tangible socio-economic benefits. QDREIDC's vision is to become the most trusted and effective real estate investment company by focusing its value proposition on the creation of quality, well-planned and desirable sustained developments. QDREIDC also provides local and foreign property developers with further opportunities to invest in numerous projects across the globe, including but not limited to Qatar, Morocco, Egypt, Mauritania, Cuba, and Europe.


Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe Delivered Policy Speech to the Diet

TOKYO - Prime Minister Shinzo Abe delivered a policy speech in a plenary session of the Diet on January 26, 2007. Prime Minister Abe stated in his speech, "Now the time has come to boldly review these post-war regimes all the way back to their origins, and set sail on a new course. In order to realize 'a beautiful country, Japan,' my mission is none other than to draw a new vision of a nation which can withstand the raging waves for the next 50 to 100 years to come."

Prime Minister Abe concluded his speech to say, "In order to create 'a beautiful country, Japan,' we must recognize anew what is good and wonderful about our country. We will launch a new project which brings together our collective wisdoms to transmit strategically Japan's new 'country identity' for the future: Japan's ideals, visions and uniqueness, so that they are well understood by people not only in Japan, but all over the world. With my firm belief that our future is bright, I declare 2007 as 'The First Year for Creating a Beautiful Country.' With all my heart and soul, I will stand at the fore and lead the way, with unwavering determination, to realizing various reforms together with all the people who have the courage to take up the challenges of the future."


The outline of the speech is as follows:

Introduction

Strengthening Growth Potential

-- Innovation which brings about cutting-edge technologies, products and services
-- An open approach which brings the vitality of Asia and the world into our country
-- The "Asia Gateway Initiative," which envisions Japan acting as a bridge between Asia and the world
-- Strengthening economic partnership

Creating a Society Full of Opportunities That Guarantees a Chance to Challenge Again and Again

-- "The Comprehensive Plan for Challenge Again Assistance Measures"

Creating Attractive Regions

-- The decentralization of power from central government to local governments
-- Raising the scale of exports of "delicious and safe Japanese food products"

Advancing Administrative and Financial Reform of Central and Local Governments

-- An integral reform of expenditure and revenue
-- Realizing a "lean government"
-- Fundamental reform of the taxation system, including the consumption tax

Rebuilding Education

-- Ushering in "a new era in education"
-- Rebuilding our public education system by reviewing the education with room for growth
-- The issue of bullying
-- Developing a system of education administration that will be trusted by the people

Realizing a Healthy and Safe Society

-- Constructing a social security system suitable for Japan
-- Formulating a "New Health Frontier Strategy"
-- Formulating an even more comprehensive strategy to address the falling birthrate
-- Restoring Japan as the safest country in the world
-- The implementation of global warming countermeasures

Proactive Diplomacy

-- Carrying forward "Proactive Diplomacy" that truly contributes to peace in Asia and the world, diplomacy founded on three pillars: (a) strengthening partnerships with countries that share the fundamental values of freedom, democracy, basic human rights and rule of law, (b) creating an Asia that is open and rich in innovation, and (c) contributing to global peace and stability
-- The "Japan-U.S. Alliance for the World and Asia"
-- Resolving the issue of North Korea's nuclear development and the abduction, under the solid principle of "Dialogue and Pressure"
-- Building a mutually beneficial relationship with China
-- Building a future-oriented close relationship with South Korea
-- Strengthening economic partnerships with the ASEAN countries, and also with countries with which we share fundamental values, such as India and Australia
-- Implementing an exchange program to invite 6,000 youths to Japan every year over the next five years, mainly from the countries participating in the East Asia Summit
-- Deepening partnerships with European countries
-- Peace and stability in the Middle East
-- Striving for comprehensive reform of the United Nations and pursuing permanent membership on the Security Council (Conclusion)

For further information: http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/index-e.html

BUILDING AFRICAN CAPACITY TO TOP G8 AGENDA THREE YEARS IN A ROW

Davos, Switzerland – Africa will top the agenda of the G8 (major industrialized nations) for three years in a row, said a high-level roundtable of political and business leaders at the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2007 on January 27, 2007. But there will be a growing emphasis on "building capacity" to translate developed world funds into enduring progress across the continent, they said.

Vital issues for developed nations include progress in world trade, debt cancellation, and overseas investments in health, education and infrastructure. In turn, African leaders on the panel highlighted their ongoing efforts to ensure economic stability, good governance, regional security, transparency and stamping out corruption.

But the leaders gave candid, and repeated, recognition to the fact that ample funds from one side and political will from the other is not enough to ensure lasting progress and security unless there is a determined focus on building capacity.

Looking back on the multilateral consensus for the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD), Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa, praised the agreements for setting up the implementing organs of the economic communities. They have "good staffs and headquarters", he said. "But when we came to implementation of cross-boundary projects and commitments from development partners... we found that we don't have the capacity to design a project. It is a discovery. [Programmes] won't translate into reality if the commitments to capacity are not made."

"We need to refocus again on capacity," warned Tony Blair, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. Otherwise the risk and danger is that the African Union may attempt peacekeeping and conflict resolution in places like Darfur and Somalia – what he called "the hard end of governance"– "but will lack the capacity to act on it".

"Liberia like so many African nations is very well endowed; for God's sake we shouldn't be poor," observed Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, President of Liberia. But she added that when it was time to ensure that priorities reflect nations' internally designed agendas, "money was not the issue, but the technical skills and capacity to put the money to effective use."

Amidst wide praise for the philanthropic work of his foundation, William H. Gates III, Co-Chair, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, USA, expressed similar concerns about sustaining health system capacity in Africa.

Niall FitzGerald, Chairman, Reuters, United Kingdom, and Member of the Foundation Board of the World Economic Forum, asked: "Even if you bring all the right drugs and treatments," is there "a danger that the best trained medical professionals get sucked out of Africa to the north of the equator, leaving Africa bereft?" Gates observed that vaccines and treatments bring enormous multiplier benefits, and remittances home from skilled African migrants to the affluent world are a huge part of the continent's economy. Still, regarding "the capacity of personnel in Africa," he agreed, "there definitely needs to be an increase."

Bernd Pfaffenbach, the German Chancellor's Personal Representative to the G8, affirmed that in 2007, "there cannot be any stop in what is happening... because Africa is a very proud continent. It needs more ownership and more capacity building and what we have is to offer partnership between G8 and African leaders." Sadako Ogata, President of the Japan International Cooperation Agency, agreed that Africa's need for capacity will remain high on the agenda for the G8 in Japan in 2008, the third year in a row.

When a Nigerian colleague expressed disbelief that incapacity is the primary impediment to progress, and suggested that enough skilled human resources could be found within Africa, both Sirleaf and Mbeki reaffirmed their positions. "We've lost all our talent, we can't afford the conversion levels," said Sirleaf. Mbeki also acknowledged that "we had been attracting too many doctors from neighbouring countries", worsening healthcare throughout the subcontinent. "There is a capacity constraint across the board, and we need a radical increase in every respect: teachers in math, science, nurses, doctors, engineers, all sorts of people, so that we don't have to go to Paul Wolfowitz, to borrow money from his World Bank and then hire consultants from him to say how we should spend it."

THE FUTURE IS NOW FOR MEXICO'S PRESIDENT

Davos, Switzerland – At the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2007, Felipe Calderón-Hinojosa, President of Mexico, promised to govern Mexico with an eye toward the future while eschewing ideology. "For Mexico, there is no left vs right," he said. "It is a question of the past vs the future."

Calderón-Hinojosa gave an address in which he outlined the priorities for his six-year term which began two months ago. He pointed out that some leftist governments in Latin America are pursuing responsible fiscal and economic policies while some conservative regimes like Colombia are implementing important social welfare schemes. "It is an issue of the future of democracy vs a return to the past of dictatorship," he said. "And it is an issue of the market and broad global trade vs a closed economy."

At the same time, the Mexican president stressed the need for balance between the private and public sectors. "The market is a necessary but not sufficient condition," he said. "The state is needed to make corrections. We have to build from the centre a regime that respects the market and a regime that pursues social justice and defends the environment."

Calderón-Hinojosa stressed that his priorities in office would include: 1. upholding legal institutions; 2. ensuring public security; 3. improving the country's economic competitiveness; 4. healthcare; and

5. environmental protection. In the public security realm, he noted that he has sent in the army to reclaim areas previously controlled by organized crime. In terms of competitiveness, he noted: "We want to become more competitive to create jobs. People don't want charity. I want to convert the country into one of the best places in the world to invest."

Noting that investment bank Goldman Sachs issued a report predicting that Mexico will boast one of the world's biggest economies by 2040, Calderón-Hinojosa suggested adding an "M" for Mexico to the BRIC acronym to representing the world's four leading emerging economies (Brazil, Russia, India and China). "It should be BRIMC," he said.

In closing, the president described how he wants to change Mexico's global image. "We want to revert the image of the guy leaning up against a tree snoozing with his sombrero pulled down over his eyes to the Mexico of Nobel Prize scientist Mario Molina and Golden Globe-winning director Alejandro González Iñárritu."

Emerging Nations Make Their Presence Felt In Davos.

“The World Economic Forum's slogan this year, the ‘shifting power equation’ reflected the growing influence of emerging and transition economies. They are elbowing their way into the world economy, diluting the influence of traditional western industrialized powers, according to the Forum's organizers, who are also highlighting the expanding role of civil society and business. German Chancellor Angela Merkel, who currently heads the G8, was adamant that China and India, along with Brazil, Mexico and South Africa, should enjoy closer ties with the club of rich nations, 10 years after Russia was invited in.

Sixty-six representatives of Indian business and politics are in Davos this year, including Industrial Development Minister Ashwani Kumar and steel group Arcelor Mittal's new owner Lakshmi Mittal. Sunil Bharti Mittal, managing director of Indian telecommunications group Bharti Enteprises, underlined that India's current 620 million people of working age would rise to 850 million within 10 years. "The world needs to adopt this talent, adopt this global pool because its responsible, it comes out of a democratic field," he said. Meanwhile, the Russians reinforced their presence this year with 43 executives and government leaders, compared to 27 guests invited by the Forum in 2006. China's corporate presence in Davos continued to be strong a year after the Asian giant was the talk of the town because of its booming economy and impact on global commodity and oil prices.” [ Agence France Presse/Factiva]

In Davos-related news, “Failure to agree on a new global trade treaty would undermine the world's economic growth and leaders must deliver on a new pact or risk the dangers of protectionism, some of the world's most powerful business executives said on Thursday. The International Business Council - a group of 65 international figures including Dell Inc. Chairman Michael Dell, Indian steel magnate Lakshmi Mittal and Coca-Cola Co. Chief Executive Neville Isdell - declared its readiness to help the World Trade Organization's five-year-old Doha round of commerce talks, according to a statement obtained Thursday by The Associated Press. Other prominent figures on the list include Bombardier Inc. Chairman Laurent Beaudoin, Nestle SA CEO Peter Brabeck-Letmathe, British Airways PLC Chairman Martin Broughton and Carlyle Group founder David Rubenstein. …” [The Associated Press/Factiva

In additional coverage of Davos, The International Herald Tribune writes that “The foremost European expert on climate change, Nicholas Stern, called Thursday for a huge expansion of carbon trading with China and India, and described 2007 as a ‘year of opportunity’ to step up efforts to tackle global warming. Under an existing program, businesses in wealthier countries in Europe and Japan already are helping pay to reduce pollution in poorer ones as a way of staying within government limits for emitting climate-changing gases like carbon dioxide under the Kyoto Protocol. Stern, who is the chief economist for the British government and an author of an influential report on climate change, said during an interview at the WEF that the program must ‘be capable of operating on a much bigger scale than it does at the moment.’ Stern said he saw ‘a wonderful market opportunity’ and that trade under the program could be raised to $30 billion a year from the current level of about $1 billion. …” [The International Herald Tribune]

“Developing countries stand to suffer the worst effects of global warming, and should not have to pay for a problem created mainly by the rich, executives and experts said […] at Davos […] leaders from emerging nations said they wanted the US, EU and others in the West to be more accountable for the heat-trapping emissions their cars and factories produce... World Bank senior advisor on values and ethics Katherine Marshall, in Davos for the talks, called it ‘morally and practically unacceptable’ for poor countries to be asked to ‘forgo development with global warming in mind.’ ‘The ethical path calls for aggressive action to bring development, coupled with aggressive action to press new technologies and to support their application in poor and rich countries alike,’ she told Reuters by e-mail. …” [Reuters/Factiva]

Also in Davos, figures released by the World Health Organization during the World Economic Forum showed that “Record numbers of children in poor countries are receiving life-saving vaccines, thanks to a major investment program backed by the private sector and governments. The figures estimated that immunization funded by the GAVI Alliance in developing countries had avoided some 2.3 million early deaths since 2000.

The total for 2006 alone was 600,000, according to World Health Organization estimates. Despite the progress, however, more than 2 million children in poor countries still die each year because they have not received immunizations that are taken for granted in the industrialized world. Melinda Gates, who with her husband and Microsoft founder Bill Gates has committed $1.5 billion to GAVI, said the GAVI partnership was spearheading a major turnaround in children's health. …” [Reuters/Factiva]

SGI President Calls for Nuclear Disarmament, New Peace Efforts in Asia

TOKYO - In response to the accelerating threat of nuclear weapons proliferation, Buddhist leader Daisaku Ikeda has called for renewed efforts for disarmament. In his annual Peace Proposal, issued on January 26, the president of the Soka Gakkai International (SGI) urges a new global movement for nuclear disarmament and abolition and echoes the call of the Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission (the Blix Commission) for a global summit on disarmament.

Achieving nuclear abolition, says Ikeda, will require a fundamental reorientation in our values, an awakening within individuals to become what the U.S. author Norman Cousins called "species-conscious." Without such a change, Ikeda states, "it will be difficult in the extreme to extract ourselves from the quagmire logic of deterrence, based on mistrust, suspicion and fear."

Ikeda cites the declaration made by Josei Toda, second president of the Soka Gakkai, 50 years ago in 1957, calling for the banning of all nuclear weapons. Toda's declaration was based on the Buddhist perspective which sees nuclear weapons as the ultimate embodiment of the aggressive and destructive potential inherent in human life.

"Toda's penetrating insight exposed the essence of these apocalyptic weapons whose extreme destructiveness and lethality could put an end to human civilization and to humankind's continued survival as a species." Because the threat of nuclear weapons is one that impacts all people, efforts to resolve it cannot be left to governments: grassroots efforts to raise public awareness globally are vital. To this end, Ikeda renews his call for the adoption of a UN decade of action by the world's people for nuclear abolition.

Recalling the enormous suffering inflicted by Japan on the people of Asia in World War II, Ikeda has been a consistent advocate of better relations between Japan and its neighbors, in particular China. He proposes a ten-year program to enhance friendship between China and Japan to begin in 2008, with the Olympic Games in Beijing. Each year would feature individual themes -- for example a year of cooperation for energy, a year of cooperation for environmental protection, etc.

Ikeda continues to urge greater integration in Asia, and the eventual creation of an Asian Union. Toward that end, he proposes the establishment of an East Asian environment and development organization. Such a body would deal with pressing region-wide issues related to the achievement of sustainable development while simultaneously providing a model for cooperation on other issues, strengthening momentum toward integration.

Soka Gakkai International is a lay Buddhist movement with 12 million members in 190 countries and territories around the world. Its activities to promote peace, culture and education are part of the longstanding tradition of Buddhist humanism. Daisaku Ikeda became president of the SGI on its founding in Guam on January 26, 1975, and since 1983 has issued peace proposals annually on that date.

ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN LEADERS REAFFIRM COMMITMENT TO DIALOGUE

Davos, Switzerland – Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas and Israeli Vice-Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Tzipi Livni on January 25, 2007 reiterated their commitment to finding a two-state solution and to resuming long-stalled negotiations.

“The Middle East is in dire need of peace and the Palestinian-Israeli conflict is one of the most serious conflicts that requires a solution,” President Abbas told the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2007. “Dialogue between nations and different sectors of society will lead to peace.”

Noting previous agreements signed with Israel, as well as other peace initiatives, such as the UN-sponsored Road Map, President Abbas called for resuming negotiations that will ultimately lead to a Palestinian state.

“What is required now is for us to trace the beginning and the end of this peace process,” he said. “Our hand remains outstretched to start the negotiation process. Fear and despair must be replaced by hope and forgiveness. Nothing is more important than peace … for our children.”

Vice-Prime Minister Livni reciprocated the call to seek peace for future generations.

“Our responsibility is to give them hope, this is something we owe them,” Livni said after viewing with the Davos participants several filmed messages of peace from young Israelis and Palestinians in Jerusalem, Ramallah and Tel Aviv.

“If what can come out of this is a promise to generations to come that we will take all the measures to bring peace to our region.”

Livni, like Abbas, also envisions a two-state solution to the conflict, but asked what the best way is to achieve this goal. She reaffirmed Israel’s commitment to the Road Map, but said that the current Palestinian government must fulfil its part of the agreement, including the acceptance of Israel’s right to exist and the renouncement of terrorism.

“There is a Palestinian state at the end of the process, but the terrorism must be dismantled,” Livni stressed. “This is a step-by-step process but gives a political horizon.”

She added that in order to realize the two-state vision, moderates on both sides need to fight against the extremists that want to destroy it.

“I know there is an expectation to see us advancing,” Livni said. “I know it’s not easy … but we want to negotiate, to talk, to share ideas and to find common denominators.”

Adding to the discussion, former Israeli Prime Minister Shimon Peres said that the problems are solvable and appealed to the international business community to invest in the region, particularly in a proposed shared economic zone between Israel, Jordan and the Palestinian Territories. “Companies are looking for emerging markets,” Peres said “If you are global you must be interested in the globality of peace.”

Closing the session, Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman, World Economic Forum, said that Peres’ appeal to investors is already being answered, announcing that the Forum is in the advanced stage of creating an Israeli-Palestinian business council to stimulate foreign investment. “We have heard from the young people the expectations of hope … we have heard from the leaders,” Schwab said. “I hope we all join the efforts to find a lasting solution.”

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS COUNCIL MEMBERS ENDORSE RESTART OF DOHA ROUND DISCUSSIONS

Davos, Switzerland – The members of the International Business Council who participated on the first day of the IBC Winter Meeting 2007 during the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos endorsed the following statement:

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS COUNCIL OF THE WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM Doha Development Round

The International Business Council is a community of business leaders from around the world. We represent business, both public and private, in the developed and developing world. We are unanimous in our support for open markets and liberal economic policy. We are united in our concern that failure to restart the Doha Round discussions immediately and conclude them within the next six months will seriously damage the global community. The lessons of history with regard to the destruction which flows from protectionism are clear and undeniable.

International trade is the engine of economic growth. It stimulates growth, spreads prosperity and creates opportunities for all the world's citizens to participate in the global economy. In the last 50 years the world community has had enormous benefits from continued economic growth from trade liberalization. The current impasse with the Doha Round threatens to undermine growth and the spread of economic opportunities to all. Trade is the most effective means we can offer to the members of the global community struggling to lift themselves out of poverty.

We now call on political leaders in the developed world and in particular Europe, Japan and the USA, together with their counterparts in major developing economies such as Brazil, China, India and South Africa, to come together to quickly resolve the few areas of continuing disagreement and to do so within weeks.

The next generation requires our collective vision and decisive leadership in the enlightened self-interest of all. Assertive efforts from all parties are essential. Failure will impact all citizens, and the leaders who fail them will be harshly judged. The members of the IBC wish to underline the responsibility of all decision-makers and political leaders for relevant, constructive and timely action to deliver a successful Doha Round. We stand ready to engage and participate in any way which will help.

Endorsed by the members of the International Business Council who participated in the first day of the IBC Winter Meeting 2007 in Davos on Wednesday 24 January 2007:

IRAQ WOULD WELCOME REGIONAL FORUM WITH IRAN

Davos, Switzerland – Iraq’s Vice-President Adil Abd al-Mahdi on Jnauray 25, 2007, welcomed proposals for a regional forum of Iraq’s six neighbours and interested countries such as the US as part of the effort to reduce tensions in the region.

At the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting, al-Mahdi told a session on achieving stability in Iraq that one of the factors in the current violence is the regional environment. He condemned “old policies… of fighting others” and declared: “Neighbouring countries should be partners.” One principle should be non-interference in each other’s affairs. Asked whether Iran would accept Iraq’s definition of partnership, the Vice-President – who had earlier greeted Iran’s former President Mohammad Khatami among the participants in Davos – affirmed: “I see no reason why Iran should not.” Session chair Richard Haass, President of the US Council on Foreign Relations, noted that a similar forum had worked to solve problems in Afghanistan.

The panellists – including former Iraqi President Adnan Pachachi – agreed that effective protection of minorities and a natural security force loyal only to the government are the keys to achieving stability in Iraq. Pachachi noted that Iraq’s government is currently divided among factionalist Ministers, some tied to the armed groups. He exempted the Prime Minister from his criticisms but unfortunately the Premier had been unable to deliver on his promises. Saddam Hussein’s controversial execution had been exploited by sectarian forces but this would be unlikely to have a permanent impact because of Iraq’s other problems, said Pachachi.

Reminded that many observers see equitable distribution of oil revenues as an essential element for peace, al-Mahdi reported that a new law providing for fair distribution is in “an advanced stage” with final provisions being discussed. A road map sets out steps for sharing political decision-making, not just ministries, among Iraq’s communities.

Al-Mahdi said security in Baghdad needs to be stepped up. More troops are being brought into the capital from regiments outside, with 8,000 promised. “If we can win the war for Baghdad we can change the course of events.” Asked whether the troops would turn up, since an estimated two-thirds had failed to appear two times before when promised, al-Mahdi pointed out that for the first time the forces have a unified command.

Asked what would happen if the US decided to withdraw its forces, Pachachi said Iraq should perhaps approach the United Nations to send in a multinational force. Haass said he was sceptical that such a proposal would get approval. “I share your scepticism,” Pachachi replied. “But this is the last resort. Otherwise there would be such chaos in the country.” If the armed and security forces are professional and reliable, outside troops will not be needed, he said. He believed most Iraqis are not supporters of the militias or insurgents.

Economic Growth Strengthens in New European Union Member States But Likely to Ease in 2007, Says New World Bank Report

Warsaw - Output growth gained further pace across the region in 2006 but is likely to moderate slightly in 2007, according to the World Bank's latest EU8+2 Regular Economic Report released January 25, 2007. The report indicates that real GDP growth strengthened in the region, not least in Poland, Slovakia, and Romania, as dynamics improved further in the second half of the year, but the Baltic States, Slovenia, and Bulgaria also grew at an even stronger rate than the year before. This occurred in spite of currency appreciation against the euro, and especially the dollar, in several countries, as well as some moderation in growth in the euro area. Meanwhile, oil prices declined significantly from September and further in early 2007. The report predicts that growth is likely to ease in most of the new member states in 2007 as growth slows in the euro area and output moves closer to potential.

A tendency towards higher inflation is emerging. While inflation remains well under control in Poland and the Czech Republic, other countries are struggling. In the Baltic countries and to some degree Bulgaria and Romania, strong wage and credit growth are leading to overheating and significant inflationary pressures. In other countries, weakening currencies in May and June 2006 contributed to higher price pressures later in the year, particularly in Hungary. Regulated price adjustments and indirect tax increases aggravated inflation in several countries.

"2007 will bring another round of regulated price increases for most EU8+2 countries, with the impact on inflation likely to be most pronounced in Hungary, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Lithuania, and Romania," says Thomas Blatt Laursen, World Bank Lead Economist and the report's lead author. "At the same time, the recent sharp decline in oil prices could help dampen inflationary pressures in 2007. The region's fiscal policies were generally pro-cyclical in 2006, and the picture is not likely to change much this year."

The previous EU8 Quarterly Economic Report series, published since March 2004, has been extended to include new EU member states Bulgaria and Romania in addition to the eight Central European and Baltic countries that joined the EU in 2004. The new EU 8+2 Regular Economic Report will be published three times a year. It will continue to monitor the macroeconomic and reform developments in the EU 8+2 countries and provide both an up-to-date summary of economic developments in the region and in-depth analyses of key current economic policy issues.

Fiscal deficits increased in most countries in the region despite strong growth and buoyant tax revenues, adding to concerns about overheating. Only Poland and Bulgaria managed to improve their structural fiscal balances. The fiscal easing was particularly dramatic in Hungary and Slovakia, with the deficit in Hungary reaching about 10 percent of GDP. For 2007, Hungary is planning strong fiscal consolidation, and Slovakia and Poland are similarly aiming for lower deficits. Most other countries in the region envisage further fiscal easing. Many of the countries are planning fiscal consolidation that will only bite in 2008-2009, but the credibility of these delayed plans is diluted because many countries will be entering pre-election periods.

Current account deficits increased in 2006 across the region, in some countries to worrisome levels. Buoyant domestic demand was associated with higher deficits, with export growth holding up well. While external deficits remained low in Poland, the Czech Republic, and Slovenia, they were close to or exceeded 10 percent of GDP elsewhere. Foreign direct investment covered the deficits of the Czech Republic and Poland, and most of the deficits in Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania. The banking sector played the main role in financing deficits in the Baltic States.

Enthusiasm for early euro adoption has waned somewhat. While Slovenia joined the eurozone on January 1, 2007, most new member states are struggling to meet the entry conditions related to inflation, budget deficits, exchange rate stability, and legal compatibility. Most countries have dropped target dates for entering the eurozone. Slovakia is still aiming for January 2009, despite the very small margin planned in the fiscal deficit for 2007. Lithuania's bid for January 2007 was rejected in Spring 2006 due to inflation concerns, and Estonia and Latvia have delayed their euro adoption plans for the same reasons. The Baltic States still aim to join as soon as possible but have acknowledged that this is unlikely before 2010. The other countries have indicated that euro adoption would not be feasible until sometime between 2010-2012, at the earliest.

SPECIAL TOPIC: CREDIT EXPANSION IN EMERGING EUROPE

The Special Topic looks at the rapid expansion of credit in "Emerging Europe" and associated vulnerabilities. Rapid credit expansion has not yet weakened banking systems in the region, but the situation warrants close monitoring. In some countries, an outright credit boom has contributed to large macroeconomic imbalances, potential asset market bubbles, and significant vulnerabilities that call for a more determined policy response.

The authors state that the overall efficiency, profitability, and capitalization of banks in the EU8+2 countries are all in line with banks in the eurozone, and non-performing loans do not yet show mounting vulnerabilities. The credit expansion reflects a natural process of financial deepening, and credit-to-GDP ratios are mostly in line with levels of per capita income. Foreign banks, which arguably have better management and oversight, hold a dominant position in virtually all EU8+2 countries.

However, there are also important risks. An excessive growth rate of credit in some countries is contributing to overheating and large external imbalances, especially in the Baltic countries and to some extent Romania and Bulgaria. The concentration of new credit in the household sector for consumption and housing contributes little to long-term growth potential while creating conditions for asset price bubbles. Maturity and currency mismatches are increasing, especially for foreign currency mortgage credit. Indirect ownership structures may isolate some of the parent banks from their related local operations. Enhanced supervision, and in some countries tighter prudential regulations, are warranted, while a stronger response is called for where rapid credit growth is associated with mounting macroeconomic risks-including avoiding pro-cyclical fiscal policies and considering fiscal measures to discourage household borrowing.

MERKEL URGES NEW DIALOGUE AND CLOSER ATLANTIC PARTNERSHIP

Davos – German Chancellor Angela Merkel on the night of Jnauary 24, 2007 announced efforts for “new forms of dialogue” between G8 leading industrial nations and the emerging economies such as Brazil, India and China – along with a closer Atlantic partnership between Europe and the United States.

She set these goals for Germany’s Presidency of the G8 this year in the opening address to the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting. She told global political, business and academic leaders in Davos that the G8 summit in Heiligendamm next June would seek to launch this new dialogue, which would then be continued in other international institutions. Among the partners, she specifically named Mexico and South Africa as well as BIC.

Calling for a resumption of the Doha Development Agenda of trade liberalization talks, suspended some six months ago, Chancellor Merkel said that agriculture could not be the only focus of concentrated effort. Progress is essential on industrial goods and services – including equal treatment of domestic and foreign investment – fundamental concerns of the industrialized states. And only a united front by the G8 could contribute to having the dynamic emerging economies participate in global responsibility.

Among the targets she set for Germany’s G8 presidency were reducing global imbalances in exchange rates and oil supplies; minimizing systemic risks on international capital markets, particularly with regard to hedge funds; achieving significant improvements in protection of intellectual property rights; and giving new impulse to efforts at climate protection.

She warned, however, that the international community has only a limited window of opportunity for action. The Chancellor said that intensification of Europe’s relationship with the United States should not be considered as in opposition to this new dialogue. Non-tariff barriers to transatlantic trade, for example, technical standards, financial market rules, energy and environmental regulations, and intellectual property all offered chances for improvements. This would be the topic of the EU-US Summit taking place in Washington on 30 April, she announced.

Germany would also strive to find ways this year to integrate Africa more fully into world trade. AIDS remains a major challenge of our time, particularly for Africa, and a conference in Germany next September will review progress so far and consider new initiatives.

Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman, World Economic Forum, introduced the theme of the 37th Annual Meeting, “The Shifting Power Equation” and called on the 2,400 participants to work together to tackle the complex challenges ahead. He urged them to help shape a global agenda that addresses a world that is rapidly changing and where power is shifting geopolitically, both in business terms and in the virtual world. "We are living in an increasingly schizophrenic world, where economies are booming and global signs are promising, but underneath are economic, political and social risks, as well as imbalances and inconsistencies,” said Schwab.

Micheline Calmy-Rey, President of the Swiss Confederation and Federal Councillor of Foreign Affairs, Switzerland, called on all stakeholders to work together in partnership to increase human security, which includes addressing new threats such as the destruction of the environment. “We as representatives of states cannot solve everything alone and cannot solve anything at all unless we rapidly improve our partnerships with business, academia and society as a whole,” she said. “We have made progress in defining and setting standards for globalization and in overcoming its negative consequences. It remains for us to focus on action that makes a real difference.”

LEADERS PLACE CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL TRADE TALKS AT TOP OF WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM ANNUAL MEETING 2007 AGENDA

The World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2007

Davos, Switzerland – The World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2007 has opened with a call from leaders to make progress on resolving climate change and restart the Doha round of global trade negotiations. The Annual Meeting Co-Chairs joined Professor Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum, in urging participants to confront “The Shifting Power Equation” and use the five-day meeting to shape the 2007 global agenda.

Some 2,400 participants from 90 countries are participating in the Annual Meeting 2007, including 24 heads of state or government, 85 cabinet ministers, religious and media leaders, and heads of non-governmental organizations. Around 50% of the participants are business leaders drawn principally from the Forum's membership – 1,000 of the foremost companies from around the world and across all economic sectors.

“In some ways, we are living in a schizophrenic world. On the one hand, we have an economy that is doing well and the prospects for this year are very promising; on the other hand, we have so many underlying imbalances, inconsistencies, weaknesses and fragilities. So what we want to do at the Annual Meeting is to highlight the need to address those global challenges. I feel at the top of the agenda will probably be climate change, globalization, of course the WTO discussions will play a role, and the situation in the Middle East will be very much at the forefront of concerns. These are only some of the key aspects,” said Professor Schwab.

“I am certainly going to be involved in discussions around water, and therefore around climate change and the environment. It’s key to what we do as we operate in some 200 countries around the world. I also want to discuss the pushing of the rekindling of the Doha round. I’m hopeful that there will be some discussions here that will cause that to happen. And the position that I’m coming from, with regard to that, is that it is fundamentally important to the ongoing growth of the global economy,” said E. Neville Isdell, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, The Coca-Cola Company, USA, and Co-Chair of the Annual Meeting.

“Professor Schwab spoke of climate change; India is going to be a willing partner in discussing this issue. But clearly it’s not a willing punching bag, because it has its limitations. We, as a billion people, are going to be consuming a lot of services and goods that will create emissions. We will need technology, we will need money, but India will be willing to align with the world,” said Sunil Bharti Mittal, Chairman and Group Managing Director, Bharti Enterprises, India, another Co-Chair of the Annual Meeting.

In an interview with the World Economic Forum, Mittal said, “One area [of the Annual Meeting agenda] is to kickstart the Doha round. How can the world come back to the trading table for a multilateral, globally-aligned business agenda? It’s essential that there is a free movement of people and as we seek more trade with each other, the restrictions need to go down. And I think if people need greater access to markets like India, India must also have the benefit of putting its produce outside. And that can only happen if the deep, large agricultural subsidies given by Western nations are taken down.”

“It’s hard, being in the insurance business, not to reflect on climate change,” said James J. Schiro, Group Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Group Management Board, Zurich Financial Services, Switzerland, and Annual Meeting Co-Chair. “Our job is to help people deal with the effects of climate change and to help our customers look at the risks involved with climate change … and how we can help them better adapt, and at the same time to step up to our responsibilities as individuals and as companies to help change the world on a global basis to deal with what is occurring in the changes in our climate,” said Schiro.

Michelle Guthrie, Chief Executive Officer, Star Group, Hong Kong SAR, another Annual Meeting Co-Chair, highlighted Asia as her priority. “Coming from Asia, what I hope for is a discussion about the rise of China, India and other countries in Asia not being a threat but an opportunity. When you see the incredible consumer market opportunity for global businesses, it is quite extraordinary. Try to see those markets as incredible markets to be developed and not as a threat. And, tying in with the shifting power equation, that does not have to mean that there are winners and losers,” she said.

"Davos this year provides a good platform for a better understanding of the multiple facets of globalization. This is key to harnessing it – and a solid multilateral trading system is obviously part of this endeavour," said Pascal Lamy, Director-General, World Trade Organization, Geneva.

Co-Chairs

Michelle Guthrie, Chief Executive Officer, Star Group, Hong Kong SAR

E. Neville Isdell, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, The Coca-Cola Company, USA

Sunil Bharti Mittal, Chairman and Group Managing Director, Bharti Enterprises, India

James J. Schiro, Group Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Group Management Board, Zurich Financial Services, Switzerland

Eric Schmidt, Chairman of the Executive Committee and Chief Executive Officer, Google, USA

Significant Gaps Exist Between Corporate Governance Rules and Practice in East Asia, CIGI Paper Concludes

Waterloo – The formal regulatory environment and market perceptions of corporate governance practices in nine East Asian economies diverge on a number of fronts, concludes a working paper released by The Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI).

The paper, entitled “Scorecard on Corporate Governance in East Asia”, is authored by two recognized experts on the subject: Stephen Y.L Cheung is professor and chair of Finance, Department of Economics and Finance at the Faculty of Business, City University of Hong Kong; and, Hasung Jang is executive director, Asian Institute of Corporate Governance, Korea University.

The CIGI funded study employs two surveys to measure the perceptions of fund managers and analysts in nine East Asian economies (China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand) against established corporate governance frameworks in the region. In particular, the study looks at progress made by these economies toward implementing the regulations established by the Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC) in the aftermath of the Asian financial crisis of 1997.

This study concludes that there is not a significant correlation between the rules and regulations pertaining to corporate governance in the nine economies and how corporate governance is actually seen to be practiced in each economy. Reforms that were deemed necessary by regional and international players following the devastating financial crisis have been enacted unevenly, leaving many initiatives for the economies to implement if they really intend to strengthen their corporate governance practices. These quantitative conclusions are significant for policy-makers and corporate actors that are operating in, or looking to engage with, the nine East Asian economies surveyed.

Download Paper: http://www.cigionline.org/cigi/Publications/workingp/scorecar


THE WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM ANNUAL MEETING IN DAVOS BEGINS TODAY

Davos, Switzerland, 23 January 2007 Annual Meeting starts this afternoon, Wednesday 24th January.




The World Economic Forum is an independent international organization committed to improving the state of the world by engaging leaders in partnerships to shape global, regional and industry agendas.

Incorporated as a foundation in 1971, and based in Geneva, Switzerland, the World Economic Forum is impartial and not-for-profit; it is tied to no political, partisan or national interests. (http://www.weforum.org)

Statement from The Falun Dafa Association of Canada

Falun Gong represents the an element of the Chinese culture.
The Falun Gong claim it to be the best of Chinese Culture.

The Canadian government must stop the Chinese regime from attacking Canadian values here in Canada.

The Falun Dafa Association of Canada condemns the Chinese Embassy in Canada for inciting hatred and interfering with Canadian affairs in their attempt to threaten Canadian officials and the public to discriminate against Canadians exercising their rights of freedom of expression.

Falun Gong practitioners' participation in the NTDTV Chinese New Year Spectacular showcases our principles of Truth, Compassion, Forbearance that encompass the best of Chinese traditional culture where internal cultivation, and the quest for wisdom and enlightenment were the very foundation of ancient Chinese society. The dance depicting the persecution of a Falun Gong practitioner is a pertinent contemporary metaphor for the principle of "good rewards good, evil begets evil," a principle that often plays a role in old Chinese tales. The show itself is quite profound and goes far beyond a Falun Gong practitioner being killed by communist police. Our message is a voice of courage, hope, and a revival of the moral and spiritual essence in Chinese culture.

Falun Gong itself is not about human rights or politics. Unfortunately, because of the terrible crimes against humanity and hatred waged by the CCP some people automatically equate Falun Gong with human rights or have been deceived by the CCP into believing that Falun Gong has political motivations and then assume that anything said or done by Falun Gong is propaganda.

Most people are unaware that in order to strengthen its power during its 60 year rule, the CCP has carried out one of the most destructive attacks on traditional culture and values in world history including the Cultural Revolution, where almost every traditional Chinese value was eradicated and millions of innocent Chinese citizens were killed to solidify allegiance to the CCP.

It is a great sorrow for the Chinese nation that many have come to believe the CCP's few decades of brutal communist brainwashing that, "To love the CCP is to love China," is now more valued than 5,000 years of traditional Chinese culture. Today, anyone who watches the Chinese regime's Chinese New Year programs would see that praising and worshipping the CCP is always their theme.

For many years the Chinese Embassy and consulates here in Canada have been trying to manipulate the Canadian public into attacking Canadian Falun Gong practitioners who are practicing their freedom of belief and freedom of expression here in Canada. This must be put to an end.

We call on the Canadian government to stop the Chinese regime from interfering and attacking Canadian values here in Canada. Also, any principled media body should stop giving voice to the hatred and defamation from the Chinese Embassy and consulates here in Canada including not repeating their defamation that Falun Gong is an "evil cult" in the pursuit of sensationalism.

Independent Review finds Australia on track to Achieve APEC Goals

Canberra, Australia - ACN Newswire - An independent report has found that Australia is on target to achieve its APEC goals of free trade and investment.

The 'Study Report on Australia's Individual Action Plan (IAP)' to achieve its APEC goals was prepared by Akira Kohsaka, Professor of Economics from Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University, Japan, and Daniel Schwanen, Director of Research, from the Center for International Governance Innovation, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

The study was carried out in late 2006 and involved a broad-based evaluation of Australia's trade and economic policies with a view to assessing the likelihood of Australia reaching its APEC 'Bogor Goals' target. (The 1994 APEC Bogor Goals set a target of free and open trade for industrialized economies by 2010 and developing economies by 2020.)

Citing Australia's 15th consecutive year of uninterrupted economic expansion, which is the longest in Australia's history, the report stated: "Australia has made steady progress in trade liberalization and facilitation and it will be able to achieve the Bogor Goals."

The report notes the gains that have been made during the global resources boom and Australia's investment in domestic infrastructure. It concludes that: "Australia is successfully closing the productivity gap with other advanced economies thanks to its broad structural reforms in recent decades, the reform programs correctly continue to be implemented in export infrastructure, land transportation and electricity, and water."

In such areas as Tariffs, Non-tariff measures, Services, and Investment the report noted that: "Australia has implemented autonomous liberalization beyond its Uruguay Round commitments so that it will reach the Bogor target by 2010 with continued efforts along the same lines.

As regards trade facilitation, the report found that: "Australia has been taking a strong initiative in implementing collective action plans in Business Mobility and Customs Procedures.

"It has faithfully attained improvements in Standards and Conformance and Intellectual Property Rights. Australia has gone beyond many other APEC members in arranging and implementing competition policy and deregulation."

All APEC Member Economies implement IAPs to guide them in their efforts to achieve APEC's Bogor Goals. The IAP review process program provides each Member Economy with the opportunity to have their progress towards APEC's goals assessed by their peers. The review by the Independent Experts assists Member Economies in this process.

Four APEC Member Economies are having their IAPs' reviewed at the current round of APEC meetings in Canberra. This process involves a presentation by the Independent Experts to a meeting of Member Economies, followed by an opportunity for these economies to question the economy under review on the details of their IAP.

DAVOS LEADERS "OPTIMISTIC ON ECONOMIC GROWTH"– "PESSIMISTIC ON SECURITY"

Concern over environmental damage increases dramatically

Geneva, Switzerland – A survey of participants of the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos, Switzerland, which begins this Wednesday, has found that a majority of leaders questioned think the next generation will live in a more economically prosperous world. Two-thirds (65%) think it will be a lot more or a little more prosperous. But the same respondents also indicated that the next generation will live in a less safe world, with 61% believing it would be a little or a lot less safe. Both these figures are broadly in line with the same findings last year. But one finding that has shown a remarkable change is the doubling of those who rank environmental protection as a priority for world leaders. Warnings of the effects of climate change appear to be hitting home with protecting the environment a concern that one in five (20%) think leaders should concentrate on (see Figure 3) – a considerable increase since last year’s survey, when only 9% rated this as a priority.

Held under the theme “The Shifting Power Equation”, the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2007 brings together 2,500 leaders from all walks of life to set the global agenda and tackle global problems in a cooperative way. This poll of participants – the Voice of the Leaders© – asks participants the same questions each year relating to the state of the world – and those same questions are also posed in a worldwide survey of global citizens in the Voice of the People© survey, the results of which were released last week (www.weforum.org/voiceofthepeople). The Voice of the People, undertaken in November-December 2006, interviewed more than 53,000 people and represents 1.5 billion global citizens in more than 60 countries – and comparison of the findings of both surveys makes interesting reading.

“It is clear from this survey that the leaders who will be gathering in Davos next week view the world and its problems in a different way than the wider global population. They share the same concerns about security, both economic and personal, but they often have very different priorities. What is interesting, too, is to see how climate change is taking on more and more importance – with twice as many leaders questioned placing it as the most important global issue,” said Peter Torreele, Managing Director of the World Economic Forum.

Comparing the views of Davos leaders with the global population

Looking at the issue of safety for the next generation, results from both the Voice of the Leaders and the Voice of the People show pessimism, with leaders even more negative than global citizens, as Figure 1 (below) shows.



Figure 1: Gallup International Voice of the People 2006 and Voice of the Leaders

Economic prospects for the future show more optimism among both leaders and global citizens, although the Voice of the People findings are gloomier. The Annual Meeting leaders’ opinions were far more buoyant concerning future economic prospects and two-thirds of the sample (65%) said that the next generation will have a lot or a little more economic prosperity than now. Just over one in ten (12%) feel it will be the same as now and one in five (19%) indicated the next generation will have a lot or a little less economic prosperity.

Global citizens were somewhat less optimistic than the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting participants about economic prosperity, as Figure 2 (below) shows, with only four out of ten (40%) in the Voice of the People indicating that the next generation will live in a lot or a little more economic prosperity.


Figure 2: Gallup International Voice of the People 2006 and Voice of the Leaders

Protecting the environment has also become a major concern of this group, rising to second place as a priority this year, mentioned by one in five (20%), in comparison to its ranking as only the fourth most important priority last year, mentioned by less than one in ten (9%).


Figure 3: Priorities for Leaders from Voice of the Leaders 2006

Over the years, trust in institutions has suffered a decline among the public. The Annual Meeting participants who answered this questionnaire also noted that this is an issue – restoring trust and honesty in government, in business and in international institutions is considered an important priority by 8% although, again, this issue was ranked more highly last year (14%).

When asked specifically what they think is the best way to recover trust in public and private institutions, the Voice of the Leaders answers are clear. Six out of ten respondents (59%) want greater transparency and governance. This is almost double the level found in Voice of the People, where a third (32%) of global citizens mentioned this. A quarter of the leaders (23%) also felt that institutions should reconnect with constituents and stakeholders to rebuild trust, while again, mentions were much lower among global citizens at only 7%. On the other hand, the Voice of the People respondents felt that more punishment of fraudulent behaviour by officials would restore trust and was cited by one in three (30%), but was mentioned by only 7% in the Voice of the Leaders.



When asked their opinions of political and business leaders, the Voice of the Leaders findings are far more generous towards business leaders than politicians, as Figure 5 (below) shows, which is not so surprising given that the sample is composed of mainly commercial respondents. Politicians are criticized by two-thirds of the Voice of the Leaders responents as being too sensitive (69%), by half (52%) for responding to pressure from people more powerful than themselves and by four out of ten (43%) for being dishonest. As to their own faults, business leaders are most criticized for responding to pressure from people more powerful than themselves by four out of ten (42%).


Figure 5: Characteristics of Leaders from Voice of the Leaders 2006

But when the criticisms of business leaders from the Voice of the Leaders are compared with the Voice of the People, it is clear that the leaders hold a higher opinion of themselves than do global citizens. Far higher proportions in the Voice of the People criticize business leaders for being dishonest (34%), having too much power and responsibility (34%), responding to pressure from people more powerful than themselves (31%) and being unethical (30%).


Figure 6: Views of business leaders from Voice of the Leaders and Voice of the People 2006

Political leaders are not exempt from criticism by the global public and the findings from Voice of the People and Voice of the Leaders are relatively similar on this issue except that the leaders criticize politicians for being too sensitive to public opinion far more (69%) than do global citizens (21%). Leaders are also more critical that politicians respond too much to pressure from others (53%) than are the global citizens (37%) but otherwise, the findings from the two surveys show little difference in their views of political leaders.


Figure 7: Views of business leaders from Voice of the Leaders and Voice of the People 2006

World Economic Forum Confronts Shifting Geopolitical Power

“About 2,400 political, business, cultural and religious leaders from 90 countries are expected to attend the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland January 24-28. They will explore issues related to a world where political power is shifting to new regions and where the old ways of doing business are increasingly being called into question. Key issues to be addressed include climate change, terrorism, the spread of nuclear weapons, the economic outlook and financial markets, instability in the Middle East, and increasing concerns about energy prices.”

“The Forum's managing director of strategic insight, Ged Davis, says these issues are interrelated. He says a number of shifts are underway that are not fully comprehended. ‘What are the examples of what these might be? One, the obvious one, is the emerging shift of economy away from Europe and North America,’ Davis says. ‘The obvious examples in recent years have been China and India. But there are others: strong performance in Latin America and increasingly good prospects and possibilities in Africa. The world is on the move here.’” [Voice of America Press/Factiva]

German Chancellor Angela Merkel’s “opening speech on January 24 will provide a taste of Germany's outlook on its leadership of the G8 and of the European Union over the coming six months, the Forum's founder Klaus Schwab said.” British Prime minister Tony Blair “is due to close the Forum on January 27 with a valedictory speech on global challenges, in what is likely to be his last appearance as prime minister at the exclusive international gathering.”

“Concerns about climate change feature strongly on the program, with 15 meetings scheduled according to the organizers, two of them public ones. In keeping with the Forum's primary role as an elite club that enables its paying corporate members to meet political decision-makers in private, Schwab said 20 countries asked the forum to arrange such encounters on the pressing issue of global warming.” [Agence France Presse//Factiva]

“The Middle East is also expected to dominate the five-day meeting, which Israeli Foreign Minister Tzipi Livni will attend, as well as Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas, Lebanese Prime Minister Fouad Siniora and King Abdullah of Jordan. There are "major plenaries" scheduled to discuss Iraq, Iran, Israel and the Palestinian territories, Schwab said. Trade negotiators will also attend in droves. The United States, European Union, Japan, Brazil, India and others are sending top officials to try, on the sidelines, to revive stalled WTO talks over a new tariff-lowering pact, which have been on ice for six months.” [The Financial Post (Canada)/Reuters]

“In total, 24 heads of government or state will be present, he said. They include Africa's first female president, Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf of Liberia, new Mexican President Felipe Calderon and frequent attendee Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva of Brazil. Excluded from the "shifting power equation" that is the forum's theme this year is Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez, a left-wing critic of the United States who has been lining up allies in Latin America and Iran's hard-line President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, who were not invited.” [Associated Press Newswires/Factiva]

Further reports meanwhile note that “tens of thousands of anti-globalization activists are expected to descend on Nairobi this weekend for the World Social Forum, billed by organizers as a chance to express mass opposition to a world dominated by capital. The seventh annual WSF will be the first time the event has been staged in its entirety on the world's poorest continent where complaints about the impact of globalization are often the loudest. High on the agenda during the January 20-25 meet will be topics with particular concern for Africa, including the HIV-AIDS epidemic, conflict resolution, debt levels and migration. Among the 160,000 campaigners slated to arrive in the Kenyan capital are Zambia's founding president Kenneth Kaunda, former UN high commissioner for human rights Mary Robinson and Kenya's 2004 Nobel peace prize winner Wangari Maathai.” [Agence France Presse/Factiva]

Brown Calls for Overhaul of UN, World Bank and IMF

"Urgent and far-reaching reform of the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the G7 is needed to make old-fashioned international institutions fit to cope with the "seismic shifts" of globalization, Gordon Brown said January 17, 2007. The chancellor used a keynote speech in India to call for fast-growing developing countries to be given a far bigger role as he outlined what is likely to be a central theme of his premiership if, as expected, he replaces Tony Blair as prime minister.”

“In his first major foray into foreign policy this year Brown said the world had moved on since the UN, IMF and World Bank were created at the end of the Second World War. America has exerted particularly strong influence over the fund and bank, but the chancellor said they could not be effective unless modernized – ‘the IMF to ensure the stability of the whole world economy, with its primary role no longer to manage balance of payments crises but on crisis prevention through the surveillance of our economies.’” [The Guardian (UK)]

“Brown has long said Western nations need to embrace the opportunities created by rising economic powerhouses China and India and he wants international institutions to reflect the new world order. He said Britain would support India's bid for a permanent seat on the UN Security Council and that the G8 group of rich nations should be expanded to reflect the growing importance of countries such as India and China. He said the United Nations must be modernized so that it is both an effective peacemaker and peacekeeper. The International Monetary Fund and World Bank also had to reflect the changing global reality and focus on crisis prevention, not resolution." [Reuters News/Factiva]

“The chancellor said that the purpose of both the IMF and the World Bank should be updated for the modern era. ‘The IMF and World Bank...cannot be effective unless they are modernized to reflect the emerging world order - the IMF to ensure the stability of the whole world economy, with its primary role no longer to manage balance of payments crises but on crisis prevention through the surveillance of our economies,’ he said. Brown said the World Bank's focus should now be on ‘energy security and environmental care.’” [Dow Jones International News/Factiva]

“Responding to demands from civil society groups that the stranglehold of rich countries - particularly the United States - on international bodies should be weakened, Brown said there was a ‘need to make globalization work for all by building an alliance for economic and social justice and environmental care - an essential element of the new world order - and by comprehensively and on all fronts overcoming the challenge of violent jihadist terrorism.’” [The Guardian (UK)]

The Financial Times meanwhile suggests that the “timing of the speech is significant. Brown's decision to focus on the need to boost the profile of the UN, points to a different emphasis on international policy from that of Blair. Brown was careful to say he was ‘building on Tony Blair's leadership’ in foreign policy. He made clear there was "no place for anti-Americanism as we address common challenges on the basis of our shared and enduring values". Even so, some may argue that those words fall well short of Blair's emphatic defense of the special relationship with the US. Brown believes the UN's role in peacekeeping can be strengthened if it acknowledges the huge role countries like India can play.”

World Economic Forum’s launches ‘bloggregator’

Interactive Platform integrates discussions on the global agenda from bloggers, video, photos and news articles related to the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting

Geneva, Switzerland – The World Economic Forum’s ‘bloggregator’, launched on Janaury 18, 2007, will harness the power of the Internet to expand the discussion of the global agenda on a “Davos Conversation” page. In an innovative attempt to create a global aggregator page, the Davos Conversation platform will intelligently integrate and cluster content generated by blogs, video, photos, news articles and comments related to the Annual Meeting in Davos. The site at www.weforum.org/davosconversation goes live today and the Forum is hoping to encourage as many people as possible to participate in the global exchange.

The Davos Conversation page – a collaborative effort of top bloggers of the world partnering together for the first time ever to make this project possible – will integrate all types of content stream in an organic way to allow holistic conversations about specific issues, regions or persons. In addition, the media partners of the project – Huffington Post, the Guardian’s Comment is Free, the BBC and Buzzmachine – are inviting their readers to record and submit video questions and comments. The Davos Conversation page will bridge the voice of the people with the voice of the leaders through a video bridge in which people can send their video questions to the decision-makers and get their responses in video.

“This is a cutting-edge experiment that, for the first time, gets together some of the most important new media voices and uses technology to allow individual conversations to be enlarged and integrated,” said Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum. “With the Davos Conversation Project, the World Economic Forum is demonstrating its continued commitment to opening the Annual Meeting to a global dialogue of the issues that face us all. Thanks to the tools and technology of the Internet, we can reach an even bigger audience, share the outcomes of the Annual Meeting and create a global conversation on how to improve the state of the world,” he added. Click Here

“One of the great things about the blogosphere is that it gives anyone with a modem and a keyboard a seat at the tables of power. It’s an unparalleled field leveller,” said Arianna Huffington, Editor, Huffington Post.com. “The Davos Conversation Project is a perfect example. I applaud the Forum for opening the doors of one of the world’s most exclusive gatherings to bloggers and their readers. Now, millions will be able to not only instantly know what is happening at the Meeting, they will also be able to interact with the participants and be a part of the conversation. The Huffington Post is excited to be a part of bringing Davos to your home.”

"The BBC is delighted to be part of this important initiative to develop a global conversation with the world's leaders. Wherever you are in the world, you will be able to contribute to the debate in Davos,” said Richard Sambrook, Director, BBC Global News.

“I am honoured to have had a role in planning and participating in the Davos Conversation Project,” said Jeff Jarvis, Editor and blogger at Buzzmachine.com, who is also consulting editor to Daylife, new media columnist for the Guardian and associate professor at the City University of New York Graduate School of Journalism. “Leaders in all spheres of life – government, business, media – are at last coming to recognize that they must engage in constant conversation with their constituents to do their jobs well. The Internet enables that. And so it is good to see the World Economic Forum set an example at its Annual Meeting by exploring more ways to open up to many conversations with the world around us.” Watch Jeff Jarvis video invitation

The Davos Conversation page brings together weblog and video blog contributions from Richard Sambrook from BBC, Alan Rusbriger from Guardian's Comment is Free, Arianna Hufftington from Huffington Post and Jeff Jarvis from Buzzmachine.com – as well as bloggers at Davos on the Forum Blog coordinated by the blogger Loïc Le Meur and around the world – with feeds of the world's news coverage of the topics and people at the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting. The site was produced by Daylife.

“Daylife is delighted to be able to facilitate the conversation into and out of Davos by organizing and presenting the news around the topics and people at the Annual Meeting,” said Upendra Shardanand, founder and CEO of the startup Daylife, which launched this month in New York. "We hope we can help people make connections with information and each other." Daylife is a global platform that gathers, analyzes, and organizes the world’s news and enables any site, large or small, to present relevant news to its users.

Free CIGI Lecture on the Politics of Food

CIGI and Engineers Without Borders present a public lecture featuring Jennifer Clapp, Chair in International Governance, CIGI and Associate Professor at the University of Waterloo.

Wednesday, January 24, 7pm-8pm, complimentary refreshments.

“The Politics of Food Aid”

Food aid has resurfaced as a hot political issue in recent years. This talk will address the new politics of food aid, looking in particular at current proposals for reform of food aid, as well as the various forces that are working both for and against food aid reform. This talk will introduce the audience to the issues related to food aid and international development. The presentation is aimed at the general public and no background knowledge is assumed or required.

Location of Lecture:
Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI)
57 Erb Street West
Waterloo,ON, Canada
Ample free parking

An RSVP is required for this event. Call 519-885-2444 ext 338 or email RSVP@cigionline.org.

Speaker Bio:

Jennifer has expertise in: International agricultural trade and the WTO, International agricultural biotechnology and biosafety policy, International food aid policy, Environmental implications of global trade and investment, International hazardous waste trade.

Current: Associate Professor (with Tenure), Faculty of Environmental Studies, University of Waterloo; Associate Editor of Global Environmental Politics (MIT Press); Editor of Current Debates Section of Global Environmental Politics; Editorial Board, Member, Global Governance (Lynne Reinner): Contributing Editor, Alternatives, Journal; Member, SSHRC Adjudication Committee for SSHRC Standard Research Grants Program; Board Member, Society for Women in International Political Economy (SWIPE).

WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM ANNUAL MEETING 2007 IN DAVOS: WORLD LEADERS CONFRONT "THE SHIFTING POWER EQUATION"

The challenge of an “increasingly schizophrenic world’

Geneva, Switzerland - The World Economic Forum today unveiled the programme for its Annual Meeting in Davos, including the key participants, themes and goals. The overarching theme of the Meeting, which will take place from 24 to 28 January, is “Shaping the Global Agenda, The Shifting Power Equation.”

Speaking at January 16, 2007, press conference at the World Economic Forum’s headquarters in Geneva, Founder and Executive Chairman Professor Klaus Schwab said, “We are faced by a world which is increasingly schizophrenic. Our world is rapidly changing and power is shifting geopolitically, in business terms and even in the virtual world. Power, wealth and well-being are spread in ever more complex ways, leading to a world which is harder and harder to understand and which often seems alien to us. It is to make sense of this world, and to tackle its complex problems and opportunities, that leaders from all walks of life will once again meet in Davos at our Annual Meeting. The World Economic Forum Annual Meeting gives all of us a chance to understand and shape the Global Agenda in the year ahead.”

Over the course of the five-day Meeting, 2,400 participants from 90 countries will convene in Davos, including 24 heads of state or government, 85 cabinet ministers, along with religious leaders, media leaders and heads of non-governmental organizations. Around 50% of the participants are business leaders drawn principally from the Forum's members – 1,000 of the foremost companies from around the world and across all economic sectors.

The programme will follow four main themes that are high on the global agenda in 2007. These range from “Economics: New Drivers” and “Geopolitics: The Need for Fresh Mandates” to “Business: Leading in a Connected World”, and “Technology and Society: Identity, Community and Networks”. The opening session of the Annual Meeting will see Angela Merkel lay out her agenda for the year ahead. The German Chancellor will be chair of the G8 for 2007 and rotating head of the European Council for the first six months of the year.

This year will also see the extension of the workshops held in the Davos WorkSpace. There will be two series under the overarching title “Designing New Solutions to Complex Challenges”. The CEO Series will examine “Leading in a Networked World”, with sessions ranging from “Collaborate to Innovate” to “Finding Future Talent”, and the Future Series will investigate “Living in a Networked World” with a series of six sessions ranging from “Building the Skills of the Future” to “Designing Sustainable Cities”.

Commenting on the Annual Meeting programme, Ged Davis, Managing Director and Head of the Centre for Strategic Insight at the World Economic Forum, said: “The idea that the world is in transition is not new, but in 2007 we can see much more clearly the dimensions of change in technology, society, geopolitics and economics, and the consequences for business. It is our understanding of this change that underscores the theme of the Annual Meeting in Davos: 'The Shifting Power Equation’. At the Annual Meeting we can explore the implications of these shifts. They are first addressed in update sessions and in the opening plenary, establishing priorities and proposing possible actions. They are further examined in plenary debate and interactive dialogue. Finally, the Forum’s newly expanded Davos WorkSpaces will provide an environment tailored to facilitate peer reflection, collaboration and the identification of solutions."

Business leaders this year come from the top-most levels, with more than 800 CEOs or Chairmen taking part – the highest number ever. Noting the strong business participation this year, Peter Torreele, Managing Director at the World Economic Forum, said, “Business is always strongly represented at the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos – but in terms of the quality and geographical representation of attendees, this is a particularly good year. If we look at the top 100 companies in the world chosen by the FT, Fortune or Forbes, 73 are represented at the Annual Meeting, the vast majority by the CEO, Chairman or President. In total more than 800 chairmen and CEOs from leading companies will take an active part in the discussions, coming from around the world. As business leaders become more and more engaged with global problems, it’s clear that the Forum is providing the platform for them to work with other sectors of society for the global good.”

Key Participants in the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2007

The co-chairs are:

John Browne of Madingley, Group Chief Executive, BP, United Kingdom

Michelle Guthrie, Chief Executive Officer, Star Group, Hong Kong SAR

E. Neville Isdell, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, The Coca-Cola Company, USA

Sunil Bharti Mittal, Chairman and Group Managing Director, Bharti Enterprises, India

James J. Schiro, Group Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Group Management Board, Zurich Financial Services, Switzerland

Eric Schmidt, Chairman of the Executive Committee and Chief Executive Officer, Google, USA

Click here for a list of some of the 1,000 key business leaders participating in this year’s Annual Meeting. www.weforum.org/annualmeeting/businessleaders, and 200 leading public figures www.weforum.org/annualmeeting/publicfigures

Among the participants:

There are 24 heads of state or government participating in the Annual Meeting: Mahmoud Abbas, President of the Palestinian Authority; Chairman of the Palestinian Liberation Organization Executive Committee; H.M. King Abdullah II Ibn Hussein of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan; Bertie Ahern, Taoiseach (Prime Minister) of Ireland; H.S.H. Prince Albert II of Monaco; Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan; Shaukat Aziz, Prime Minister of Pakistan; Abudllah Ahmad Badawi, Prime Minister of Malaysia; Tony Blair, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom; Felipe Calderón-Hinojosa, President of Mexico; Micheline Calmy-Rey, President of the Swiss Confederation and Federal Councillor of Foreign Affairs, Switzerland; Ferenc Gyurcsany, Prime Minister of Hungary; Tarja Halonen, President of Finland; Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, President of Liberia; Jakaya M. Kikwete, President of Tanzania; Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, President of Brazil; Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, President of the Philippines; Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa; Angela Merkel, Federal Chancellor of Germany; Ahmed Mahmoud Nazif, Prime Minister of Egypt; Nguyen Tan Dung, Prime Minister of Vietnam; Fredrik Reinfeldt, Prime Minister of Sweden; Fouad Siniora, Prime Minister of Lebanon; Vaira Vike-Freiberga, President of Latvia; and Viktor Yanukovych, Prime Minister of Ukraine.

There will also be more than 30 Trade and Agricultural ministers, seven European Commissioners, and five cabinet members from the United States.

Among the other participants are heads of international organizations including Mohamed M. ElBaradei, Director-General, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna; Richard Feachem, Executive Director, Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, Geneva; Pascal Lamy, Director-General, World Trade Organization (WTO), Geneva; Peter Piot, Executive Director, Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), Geneva; Ann M. Veneman, Executive Director, United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), New York; Paul D. Wolfowitz, President, World Bank, Washington DC; Koichiro Matsuura, Director-General, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Paris; Achim Steiner, Executive Director, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Nairobi; Heizo Takenaka, Director, Global Security Research Institute, Keiko University, Japan.

NGOs and labour leaders and academics include:

Irene Khan, Secretary-General, Amnesty International; Kenneth Roth, Executive Director, Human Rights Watch; Barbara Stocking, Director, Oxfam Great Britain; Hany El Banna, President, Islamic Relief; Gerd Leipold, Executive Director, Greenpeace International; Markku Niskala, Secretary-General, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies; Guy Ryder, General Secretary, International Trade Union Confederation; Sharan Burrow, President, Australian Council of Trade Unions; and Philip Jennings, General Secretary, UNI Global Union; Lester R. Brown, Founder and President, Earth Policy Institute; Timothy Garton Ash, Professor of European Studies, University of Oxford; Susan Greenfield, Director, The Royal Institution of Great Britain; Jessica Mathews, President, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; Michael E. Porter, Bishop William Lawrence University Professor, Harvard Business School; Laura D. Tyson, Dean, London Business School.

Personalities from the cultural world contributing to the debates in Davos will include musicians Bono and Peter Gabriel, author Paulo Coelho, Chess Grandmaster Anatoly Karpov, and painter and sculptor Romero Britto.

Representatives of the world’s media will also be represented at the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting, with 15% of participants drawn from media organizations around the world. Media representatives will have access to every session at the Annual Meeting. Additionally, this year the Forum will invite every participant to join its weblog and will podcast key sessions. As in previous years, more than 40 sessions will be webcast. Any person wishing to join the Davos Conversation should tag all contributions as “davos07”.

US And EU Advance Slightly On Trade Issues

"The US Trade Representative, Susan Schwab, said Friday, January 12, 2007, that new political momentum to restart the collapsed Doha trade talks was reason for optimism, but added that putting it back on track was not yet within grasp.

Following a three-hour meeting with the head of the World Trade Organization (WTO), Pascal Lamy, to explore ways to revive the talks,